Abstract：The conditions for determination of trace rare earth elements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were optimized. The influence of three sample dissolution methods (including multi-decomposition with mixed acid in open environment, dissolution in closed system and alkali fusion) on the determination of rare earth elements in bauxite by ICP-MS was discussed. The results showed that the determination of rare earth elements in bauxite sample by ICP-MS could be realized using two methods above, i.e., multi-decomposition with mixed acid in open environment and alkali fusion. For the method of multi-decomposition with mixed acid in open environment combined with ICP-MS, the detection limits of rare earth elements were 0.003-0.028 μg/g, which was lower than that of alkali fusion method (0.010-0.066 μg/g). Their corresponding relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.1%-2.8% and 2.8%-5.6%, respectively. It indicated that the determination precision of multi-decomposition with mixed acid in open environment combined with ICP-MS was relatively high. Moreover, multi-decomposition with mixed acid in open environment had some advantages such as simple operation and low pollution to instrument. However, little bauxite sample (such as diasporic bauxite) could not be fully dissolved, resulting in lower determination results of rare earth elements. For alkali fusion method, all types of bauxite samples could be fully dissolved, so it was applicable for determination of rare earth elements in all types of bauxite samples. Nevertheless, this method had some disadvantages such as large dosage of reagents for sample dissolution, complex procedure, introduction of much matrix and pollution to instrument. Therefore, during the determination of rare earth elements in bauxite by ICP-MS, the method of multi-decomposition with mixed acid in open environment was preferentially recommended for sample preparation. If the sample was fully dissolved, the solution could be directly determined by ICP-MS. If the sample could not be fully dissolved, the sample should be retreated by alkali fusion and determined by ICP-MS. The two sample dissolution methods, such as multi-decomposition with mixed acid in open environment and alkali fusion, were combined with ICP-MS and applied to the determination of rare earth elements in bauxite actual samples. The recoveries were 92%-110% and 90%-103%, respectively.
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