原位统计分布分析技术在表征钢轨焊接区域元素偏析中的应用

doi:10.13228/j.boyuan.issn1000-7571.011547

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摘要贝氏体钢轨经闪光焊后焊缝及热影响区出现的主要缺陷为C、Si、Mn、S元素的带状偏析,该缺陷的存在将直接影响闪光焊的焊接性能。通过低倍和金相组织分析得知,贝氏体钢轨焊接热影响区空冷处理后出现马氏体组织是造成C、Si、Mn、S元素偏析的主要原因。为了使上述偏析得以改善,相继对焊接热影响区进行1 200 ℃,持续8 h的回火热处理。实验采用原位统计分布分析技术先后两次对焊接后经空冷和热处理后的焊接热影响区进行分析,对两种工艺下C、Si、Mn、S元素的偏析情况进行对比。结果表明,完善回火工艺使得C、Si、Mn、S元素的偏析得到一定程度的改善,但始终无法完全消除,说明通过优化焊接工艺能够使得由元素偏析造成的缺陷得以改善,但始终无法彻底消除。

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	张婷婷
	李吉春

关键词 ：贝氏体钢轨, 闪光焊, 热影响区, 原位统计分布分析技术, 偏析

Abstract：The main flaws in welding line and heat affected zone of bainite rail after flash welding were banded segregations of C, Si, Mn, and S, which would directly affect the welding performance of flash welding. By the means of low-magnification and metallographic structure analysis, the martensite appeared in the heat affected zone of welding after air cooling process of bainite rail was the main reason to cause the segregations of C, Si, Mn, and S. To improve the segregations above, the heat affected zone of welding was treated by tempering at 1 200 ℃ for 8 h. The original position statistic distribution analysis technique was used to analyze the heat affected zone of welding after air cooling and thermal treatment. The segregations of C, Si, Mn and S in two processes were compared. The results showed that the tempering process could improve the segregations of C, Si, Mn and S to a certain extent. However, the segregations could not be fully eliminated. It implied that the flaw caused by element segregation could be improved by optimizing the welding process, but the problem could not be completely solved.

Key words： bainite rail flash welding heat affected zone original position statistic distribution analysis technique segregation

收稿日期: 2021-06-15

ZTFLH:	O657.31
	TF03+1

作者简介: 张婷婷(1985-),女,高级工程师,博士,主要从事火花直读、金属原位光谱分析;E-mail:z_t_1900@sina.com

引用本文:

张婷婷, 李吉春. 原位统计分布分析技术在表征钢轨焊接区域元素偏析中的应用[J]. 冶金分析, 2022, 42(3): 13-18. ZHANG Tingting, LI Jichun. Application of original position statistic distribution analysis technique in characterization of element segregation in the welding area of steel rail. , 2022, 42(3): 13-18.

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http://yjfx.chinamet.cn/CN/10.13228/j.boyuan.issn1000-7571.011547 或 http://yjfx.chinamet.cn/CN/Y2022/V42/I3/13

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