Discussion on the determination method of various heavy metals in water solution by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
NI Ziyue1, CHENG Dawei2, LIAO Xueliang2, LIU Mingbo2, CHEN Jiwen3, LI Xiaojia1,2
1. Central Iron and Steel Research Institude, Beijing 100081, China; 2. NCS Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094,China; 3. School of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China
摘要 使用小台式的能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪可以实现水溶液中多种痕量重金属离子的直接测试,不需要对溶液进行消解,且仪器简单,对环境要求低。通过对谱线能量不同的元素进行分组,对各组元素的滤光片进行选择:对于铬、锰、铁,使用0.2 mm Al滤光片;对于镍、铜、锌、铅、硒、砷、汞,使用0.5 mm Ti滤光片;对于锑,使用1.25 mm Mo滤光片。使用国家标准溶液配制铬、铁、锰、镍、铜、锌、铅、硒、砷、汞和锑的混合溶液,探讨仪器对水溶液中重金属的检测情况,各元素校准曲线的线性相关系数均达到0.99以上,检出限在0.04~0.39 μg/mL之间。对1 μg/mL的混合溶液进行多次测试,铬测定值的相对标准偏差(RSD)最大达到19.5%,锰、铜、铅、汞、锑的RSD在10%～15%之间,其余元素的RSD均小于10%。采用能量色散X射线荧光光谱法(EDXRF)可实现水溶液中多种重金属离子的快速检测,为水溶液中重金属离子的检测提供参考。
Abstract：Various trace heavy metal ions in water solution could be directly detected by a small benchtop energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (EDXRF) without pretreatment. Moreover, the instrument was simple and had low requirements for the environments. The elements with different spectral energy were grouped and the suitable filters for elements in each group were selected: Al filter of 0.2 mm for chromium, manganese and iron; Ti filter of 0.5 mm for nickel, copper, zinc, lead, selenium, arsenic and mercury; Mo filter of 1.25 mm for antimony. The mixed solution of chromium, iron, manganese, nickel, copper, zinc, lead, selenium, arsenic, mercury and antimony was prepared with the national standard solutions. The measurement of heavy metals in solution with instrument was discussed. The linear correlation coefficients of calibration curves for all elements were all above 0.99, and the limit of detection was between 0.04 and 0.39 μg/mL. The mixed solution of 1 μg/mL was determined for several times. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for chromium was maximum, i.e., 19.5%, while RSDs for manganese, copper, lead, mercury and antimony were in range of 10%-15%, and RSDs for other elements were all less than 10%. Various heavy metal ions in water solution could be rapidly detected by EDXRF, which provided a reference for the detection of heavy metals in water solution.
倪子月, 程大伟, 廖学亮, 刘明博, 陈吉文, 李小佳. 能量色散X射线荧光光谱法对水溶液中多种重金属离子的检测方法探讨[J]. 冶金分析, 2021, 41(3): 27-31.
NI Ziyue, CHENG Dawei, LIAO Xueliang, LIU Mingbo, CHEN Jiwen, LI Xiaojia. Discussion on the determination method of various heavy metals in water solution by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. , 2021, 41(3): 27-31.
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