Abstract：During the determination of lead and cadmium in soil sample by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, the results cannot meet the requirements of quality control sometimes if it is operated directly according to the standard GB/T 17141-1997. The results showed that the slope of calibration curve was significantly different when the standard solution series of target elements contained or did not contain the mixed elements of soil matrix elements including Na, Mg, Al, Si, Fe and Ca. In order to reduce the influence of matrix effect, the procedures in standard method above were improved based on literatures and experiments as follows: (1) the digestion solution of actual sample with same volume was mixed and then quantitatively added into the standard solution series for preparation of calibration curves for matrix matching; (2) the digestion solution was diluted appropriately and the calibration curves were still established with the standard solutions. The improved method was verified using four soil standard samples and spiked results of soil sample. The results showed that the recovery range of Pb in matrix dilution method was 90.4%-114%. For the low content of Cd, the recovery range was 84.1%-125%. The recovery range of Pb and Cd in matrix matching method was 93.0%-105% and 102%-119%, respectively, which could basically meet the quality control requirements of recovery for heavy metals in soil sample, i.e., 80%-120%. When the content of trace cadmium in sample was near the lower determination limit, the dilution factor should be strictly controlled or the sample should be determined by matrix matching method. The modified operation procedures in this study were suitable for the accurate determination of Pb and Cd in large batches of soil samples in routing inspection.
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