Abstract：Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) had advantages in determination of rare earth elements. Based on the optimization of instrumental working parameters, the influence of three sample dissolution methods including mixed four acids (HNO3-HCl-HF-HClO4) in open system, mixed five acids (HNO3-HCl-HF-HClO4-H2SO4) in open system, and high-pressure closed method (HNO3-HCl-HF)) on determination of rare earth elements in rock and soil by ICP-MS was explored. The results showed that the method of mixed four acids in open system was unsuitable for determination of rare earth elements in rock and soil by ICP-MS due to the incomplete digestion of sample. While, the method of mixed five acids in open system and high-pressure closed system were suitable. For the method of mixed five acids in open system combined with ICP-MS, the detection limits of rare earth elements were 0.001-0.035μg/g, the relative standard deviations were 1.4%-6.4%, the relative errors were in range of ±9%, and the recoveries was 92%-110%. For the method of high-pressure closed system, the detection limits were 0.001-0.009μg/g, the relative standard deviations were 1.0%-9.2%, the relative errors were in range of ±4%, and the recoveries was 93%-107%. The method of mixed five acids in open system had the advantage of short treatment procedure, and it was suitable for the treatment of a large amount of samples. The method of high-pressure closed method had some advantages such as low detection limit, high determination precision and little consumption of acid. However, its procedures were long and not suitable for the treatment of a large amount of samples.
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