Determination of cadmium in steel for cutlery by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry after separation with small ion exchange column
LIU Feng1,WANG Hui2,WU Cheng1,YU Lu1,WANG Guo-xin1,ZHOU Jin-fan3
1.Changshu Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Changshu 215500,China; 2.Jiangsu Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Nanjing 210001,China; 3.Editorial Office, Journal of Inspection and Quarantine Science,Beijing 100020, China
Abstract：The distribution coefficient of iron and cadmium in hydrochloric acid with various concentrations on DOWEX 1×X8 anion exchange resin was determined by Strelow method. The results showed that the Kd value of iron (Ⅲ) in 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid was less than 10 mL/g, indicating that it could not be adsorbed on the resin. However, the Kd value of cadmium (Ⅱ) was 2 281 mL/g, indicating that it could be strongly adsorbed on the resin. Therefore, iron (Ⅲ) and cadmium (Ⅱ) could be effectively separated. The steel sample for cutlery was dissolved with hydrochloric acid,then the sample solution flowed through the small column which was packed with DOWEX 1×X8 anion exchange resin. The iron (Ⅲ) in solution could pass through the column, while cadmium (Ⅱ) would be adsorbed onto the column, realizing the effective separation and enrichment of cadmium and iron. Then, the cadmium (Ⅱ) on column was eluted with 1 mL of 1.6 mol/L nitric acid. The content of cadmium in collected solution was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES).Consequently,the determination method of micro cadmium in steel for cutlery by ICP-AES after separation with small ion exchange column was established. The mass concentration of cadmium in range of 0.010-0.10 mg/L was linear to the emission intensity. The linear correlation coefficient of calibration curve was 0.999 9. The detection limit of cadmium was 0.004 g/mL (which was equivalent to the mass fraction of 0.04 μg/g of cadmium in actual sample). The content of cadmium in steel for cutlery was determined according to the experimental method. The relative standard deviation (RSD, n=7) was 5.8%-7.3%. The recoveries were between 90% and 100%.
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