The composition, morphology and dimension of precipitation phases and inclusions in SMA490BW weathering resistant steel were studied by means of physical and chemical phase analysis methods combined with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results of phase analysis showed that there were Cu-rich phase, M3C, M(C,N) and non-metallic inclusions in weathering resistant steel. The proportion of M3C phase and M(C,N) phase was 0.868% and 0.0396%, respectively. The average size of precipitation phase was 78.2nm with intermediate size of 51.7nm. The precipitation phases with size less than 100nm accounted for about 74%. Meanwhile, the phase distribution in range of 18-36nm was most, which accounted for 22.1%. The results of SEM showed that there were three types of inclusions in weathering resistant steel: Class A (sulfide) inclusions; DS inclusions consisting of alumina oxide and calcium oxide; DDup inclusions consisting of composite oxygen sulfide. The morphology of precipitation phases in weathering resistant steel was observed using TEM and the statistic size of precipitation phases was analyzed. The results indicated that the precipitated phases were mainly compounds composed of carbon, nitrogen, niobium, titanium and vanadium, which were spherical, rod-shaped and irregular. The size of precipitation phases varied from nanometer to micrometer with most distribution in range of 18-36nm. The statistical results of TEM and phase analysis were compared. It was found that the phase analysis method could more accurately calculate the precipitation distribution in the whole sample area and different size range.
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